Oven



G. F. HAUF ETAL Nov. 3, 1942.

OVEN

Filed Sept 22, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 7 hi i Patented Nov. 3, 1942-George F.

Hanf, raver Forest, and James .1. Exam.

Chicag 111., assignors to Chicago Metal Mfg. 00., Chicago, lit, acorporation of Illinois Application September 22, 1938, Serial No.231,190

2Claims.

Our invention relates generally to ovens, and more particularly to ovenstructures utilized in industrial and manufacturing processes such asthe baking of finishes, products or chemicals or in low temperature heattreating where heat insulating structure is required, and also tostructures utilized in the smoking and treatment of meat and the likewhere a structure having tightly sealed joints is desirable.

It is an object of our invention to provide an oven, the structure ofwhich is adaptable to uses, such as'baking, which require heatinsulation,

or to the smoking and treatment of meats and the.

like which requires a tightly sealed enclosure.

It is another object of our invention to provide an oven structure madeup of prefabricated sections and parts adapted to be assembled at theplace of use, which oven structure is easily assembled in such a way.that the joints'are tight and have good heat insulating properties. 1

Another object of our invention is to provide an oven made up ofprefabricated sections and joints so constructed and arranged that allof the wall sections are flat and easily handled and shipped.

Another object of our invention is to providean oven structurecomprising wall sections adapted to be joined together and jointstructures for joining the wall sections which not only provide tightjoints, but also provide strong walls which are structurally rigid."

Another obiect'of our invention is to provide a joint structure forjoining the sections of an oven wall which presents a neat finishedappearance when assembled.

Another object of our invention is to provide a joint structure forjoining the sections of an oven wall which-minimizes difficulty ofaligning the joint fastening elements.

Another object of our invention is to provide a seal for an oven doorwhich is effective upon closing of the door tightly to seal the jointbetween the door frame and the door.

The foregoing together with further objects, features and advantages ofour invention are set forth in the following description of specificembodiments thereof, wherein:

Fig. 1 15a perspective view of an oven embodying a preferred form of ourinvention:

Fig; 2 is a fragmentary plan of the oven shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view of a preferred form of oven wallsection:

Figs. 4, 5, 6, '1, and 9 are, respectively, fragm 6-6, 1-1, and 9 9 ofFig. l and in the direction of the respective arrows;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view of an oven joint comprising a.modification of the joint shown in Fig. 4 and particularly adapted foruse where the walls are so large that some additional 2 support isadvisable; and

- Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a preferred form of nut-holding caputilized in our invention.

In the various figures of the drawings like reference numerals refer tosimilar parts that perform similar functions.

With particular reference to Figs. 1 and 2, an oven is generallyillustrated which has a base or floor 20, side walls 2| and 22, an endwall 23, a roof'or top 24, a front centerpanel 25, a. front top panel 28and door frames 21 and 28 that respectively fit 'doors 2! and 30. Theside and end walls 2| and 23 and the top 24 are made up of prefabricatedheat-insulating wall sections or panels 3| which are jointed together bygas and heat insulated joints such as 32 and 33, which are generallyillustrated in Fig. 2, and will be more fully described with referencetoFigs. 1 to 8, in-

clusive.

p The door frames 2'! and 28 preferably comprise metal angle memberssuch as 34 and 35 secured to the ends of thefslde walls 2| and 22 and-tothe top panel 26 by bolts such as 36, or other suitable fastening means,and metal angle members 31 and 30 secured to the center panel 25. Thedoor 29 is hung on hinges 39 which are secured to the side or door framemember 21 by screws or other suitable fastening means such as El and tothe door by screws or other suitable fastening means,

such as 42. The door 30 is similarly hung on hinges 43 which are securedto the opposite door frame member 28. When closed, the doors 29 and 30are locked by manually operable latches 45 which are rotatably mountedon the upright angle members 31 and 38 of the door frames and engagesockets l6 onflthe doors 29 and 30.

A window 41, preferably of the double-pane type to eliminate moisturecondensation, may be provided in the center panel 25 forlooking into theoven'without opening the doors. Reinforcing plates l8, l9 and aresecured to the front top panel 26 byscrews or other suitable fasteningmeans it to strengthen the structure above the doors 2! and 30. The baseor floor 20 may be,

sloped to a suitable drain therein and a removable ramp 52 may beprovided to give a gradual slope or rise at the doors which minimizesinterference with the movement of material or conveyors into tarysectional views taken on the lines 4-, H, 68 and out .of the oven.

satisfactory heat insulating material for tem-: peratures up to 180 F.;rock wool is satisfactoryfor temperatures up to 250 F., and magnesiumblock is satisfactory for temperatures up to 400 F.

The insulating material 58 is preferably thicker than the width of theside portions such as 56 so as to provide a space as at 59 and preventdirect metal contact between the side portions such as 56 and the metalpanel 55. Also, strips of heat insulating material such as '60preferably separate the side portions such as 56 and 51 to preventdirect metal to metal contact between those side portions. This type ofwall section or panel structure is particularly desirable where theprevention of heat losses is important. The

metal panels 54 and 55 are secured togeth rby welding (preferablyelectric arc welding) the side portion 51 to the side portion 56 atspaced points or by spaced screws extending through the side portions 56and 51. j

4 illustrates a preferred form of joint, such as 32 in Fig. 2, forjoiningwall sections or panels ii in substantially the same plane. InFig. 4, and also in Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8' and 9. thewall sections 3| aresimilar to thatdescribed with reference to Fi 3, except that thestripsoi insulating material such as 60 in Fig. 3 are not shown. Achannel member 62 has surfaces 63 and 66 that engage ends and 66,respectively, of the adjacent wall sections'and has flanges or extendingportions 61 and 68 that are parallel-to theplane surfaces of the wallsections 8|. Th channel "member 62 also has a portion or surface 68 thatis substantially parallel to a cover or plate 16 that covers the spacebetween the adjacent wall sections or panels and engages the planesurfaces of the wall sections opposite the flanges or extending portions61 and 66 on the channel member. The cover or plate 16 and the portion69 of the channel member have aligned openings therein as at H and 12,respectively, through which fastening means such, as bolts 13 extend.The bolts 13 are preferably spaced along the joint as shown in Fig. l.

The portion 68 of the channel member is preferably spaced from the plate16 and the bolts 13 the base or floor.

are provided withcooperating nuts such as 14 so that tightening of thenuts 14 on the bolts 13' draws the channel member 62 and the platetoward each other to clamp the wall sections 8| between the flanges 61and 6,8 and the plate 16.

To provide neat joints, to 'cover the channel portions of the channelmember 62 and to retain theheat insulating material in place, a cover15" is provided which has edges I6 and I1 folded around'the flanges 61and 68,- respectively, and intermediate those flanges and wall sectionsll. Heat insulating material 16, such as rock wool, substantially flllsthe space between the channel member 62 and the cover 1 5. A suitablehigh temperature .heat insulating cement, which may be applied whileplastic, is used to fill the space between the channel member 62 and theplate 16. The joint illustrated in Fig. 5 is similar in principle tothat illustrated in Fis- 4. but is adapted to join angularly disposedwall sections 31, as illustrated at 33 in Fig. 2, at the comer of theoven. In this joint the portions 66 and 66 of the channel member aredisposed at angles which differ'from those of the similar portions ofthe channel member in Fig. 4, because of the difference in the anglebetween the adjacent wall sections, Also, the cover or plate 16 hasportions 86 and 66' angularly disposed with respect to the mid-portionthereof and substantially parallel to the plane surfaces of the adjacentwall sections orpanels. The cover 15 is bent at 8! to conform to thecontour of the comer.

Fig. 6 illustrates a preferred type of joint for joining the top 24 ofthe oven to the side walls 2| and 22, end wall 23 and front top panel26. To provide adequate support for the top 24, it preferably overlapsthe side walls as at 62. The difference in the relative positions of theangularly' disposed wall sections in Figs. 5 and 6 necessitates adifferent shape of section for the channel member 62.

To facilitate the manufacture of a channel member having a section ofthe form illustrated in Fig. 6, it preferably comprises separatelyformed portions Band 84 which are welded to.- gether. Screws 85 or othersuitable fastening means extending through the plate 16 and into thewall sections may be employed, if desired, to insure that theedges ofplates lliremain tightly against the top-and side walls.

Fig. 7 illustrates one type of joint for securing the wall sections ofthe side walls 2i and 22 and the end wall-23 to the curb or footing ofthe base or floor 26, The base or floor 20 is preferably made ofconcrete as illustrated, but-may be made of heat insulatin metal coveredsections similar to those used for the other walls ofthe oven. Also, thefloor or base may have a flange of substantially the same thickness asthe wall sections, so that a joint, such as that illustrated in Fig. 4,may beused to secure the wall sections to the base or floor. Howeveninthe joint shown, the channel member 62 and an angle member 65 aresecured to the .base or floor 20 by bolts; such as 86, that are threadedinto inserts such as 81 in The channel member 62 preferably hasextensions 88 and 88 on the flanges 61 and 68, which extensions arefolded over the edgesof the angle member 65. The plate 16 is preferablyflat and engages a shoulder or curb 86 on the base or floor, aswell asthe plane surface of the wall section 3|.

Fig. 8 illustrates a joint utilized in conjunction with an I-beam ill orother support structure which may be necessary or advisable where theroof or side walls are so large that some additional strengthening isdesired. In-this joint the I bolt 13 has a flat head which fits into acountersunk opening 62 in a-plate 93 and extends through the plate. 83and the portion 69 of the channel member 62. The plate 93 is covered bya second plate 84, which plate 96 is adjacent and supported by theI-beam 8|. The plates 83 and 84 are secured to the wall sections 3! byscrews or other suitable fastening means, such as 85 and 66 In thejoints disclosed in Figs. 4 to 8. inclusive, the openings I and plate16, respectively, are preferably somewhat larger than thevbolts, such as18, so as .to reduce the difliculty of aligning the openings H and I2to-acc'ommodate the bolts, such as 18. Also, housings or caps 81, shownin Fig. 10. loosely H and 12 in the channel 1member62 tightly sealedenclosure is flt the nuts 15 to hold those nuts in place and preventtheir turning when the bolts are tightened. The nuts 14 preferably fitloosely within the housings or caps 97 so that when the bolts, which arepreferably pointed at 98, are inserted in the openings, the nuts readilyalign themselves with the bolts. As shown in Fig. 10, the housings orcaps 91 are preferably formed from a single piece .of sheet metal havingside portions 99 and E that are angularly disposed with respect to acentral portion ill! and flanges Hi2 and 103 that are preferablyspot-welded at I05 and 35 to the channel membe A central opening IE5 isprovided through which the bolts I3 extend. V

With particular reference to Fig. 9 the angle members 35 and 35 aresecured to the ends of the side wall section 3|, as shown in Fig. 2, byscrews,

such as I01 and M13 or other suitable-fastening means. A reinforcingplate I09 is preferably utilized intermediate the angle member 35 andthe wall section 3|, which reinforcing plate extends to the angle member34 and serves to reinforce angle 35 and to retain the high temperaturecement in space I09. Resilient strips, such as shut to provide a tightsecondary seal for the doors. Channel members, such as Hi, are securedto the angle members, such as 35, by rivets, such as H5,-or othersuitable fastening means, and extend along the surfaces of the anglemembers, such as 35, adiacent theinner surface of the door. The primaryseal is provided by strips of sponge rubber or other suitable resilientheat 3 as 3|, joined together by easily assembled joints which providegood heat insulation and seals, the

oven is conveniently handled and shipped for assembly at the place ofuse. Also, the elimination of angular wall sections not only makes thewall sections convenientfor handling and shipment, but also providesstrong and durable corner struc-' tures by'having substantially rigidand reinforced joints at the corners. The use of-the channel members 62in the joints between the wall sections 3i provides spaces between thewall sections for heat'insuiating and sealing materials and lendsstrength and rigidity to the wall structure. Each joint of our. oventightly clamps adjacent wall sections so that additional bracing andholding members are unnecessary to provide ample strength. I The wallsections 3!, particularly those of the type shown in Fig. 3, have lowthermal capacity because of the heat insulation between the metal panels54 and 55 and because of the reduction of metal to metal contact betweenthe panels 54 and 55. The tight sealing of the joints and the in- 1clusion of heat insulating material therein effects good thermalefliciency at the joints.

Having thus illustrated and described the nature and preferredembodiment of our invention,

what .we claim and desire to secure by.United States Letters Patent isas follows:

1. In an oven. the combination comprising a I vertically disposed heatinsulating wall section and a horizontally disposed section adapted tobe joined together with the end of the horizontal wall section restingover a portion of the .top edge of the vertical wall section, said wallsections having ends and side surfaces,

a cover plate having an intermediate portion angularly disposed withrespect to each of the side surfaces and portions and a portionsubstantially parallel to and engaging the side surface of both thehorizontal and the, vertical wall section, a

'- channel member'having a surface substantially insulating material,such as H6, which are secured in.the channel members, such as H, andbacked by those channel members so that resilient surfaces, such as Ill, of the strips, such as H5, face the inner. surface of the door. Thedoor preferably has sheet metal panels H3 and H9 with insulatingmaterial I20 substantially filling movement relative to the said wallsections, and means for securing the cover plate to the channel thespace between those'panels. The panels H8 and H! are preferably foldedtogetherfas at I2l,

parallel to said intermediate portion of the cover plate and a portionengaging the edge and one surface of the horizontal wall section and theedge and one surface of the vertical wall section adapted 'to secure thechannel member against member. Y

2'. In an oven,the combination comprising angularly disposed heatinsulating wall sections to provide ribs 'or flanges integral with thedoor and adjacent a shoulder I22. -The ribs or flanges |2I engage thesurfaces, such as H 'I, of the resilient strips, such as H5, andcompress a portion of those strips as the doors are closed to providethe primary seals between the doors and door frames, and subsequentlythe secondary seal H0 comes into place to insure a more effective gasand heatproof seal. Of course, a joint such as described between amovable doorand a stationary door frame may, should it be desired toclose an-opening with two-sectioned or double doors, be used merely byutilizing strips similar to H0 and H5 at the joint between the doubledoors.

From the foregoing description, that our oven structure is adaptable touses such as the smoking and treatment of meat-where a temperaturechanges are .required, or to the baking of products, a good heatinsulating and gas-leakage proof structure is important. It is alsoapparent that by having the walls made up of flat sections,

desirable and .quick adapted to be joined together and having ends andside surfaces, the side surface of one wall section overlapping the endof the other wall section,

a cover plate having an intermediate portion angularly disposed withrespect to each of the side surfaces of the overlapping wall sectionsand outer portions substantially parallel to and en.-

gaging the side surfaces, a channel member hav- 'ing surfacessubstantially parallel to the/intermediate portion of the cover plateand surfaces engaging the ends of the wall sections, said channel memberhaving a flange engaging theside surface of one of the wall. sectionsopposite the surface engaged by the cover plate and having an it isapparent chemicals or finishes where such .7

extension engaging the side surface of the other wall section oppositethe surface engaged by the cover plate, and means for securing thechannel member and cover plate together to clamp the wall sectionsbetween the coverplate and said flange and extension. a

- j GEORGE F. HAUF.

JAMES J. EGAN.

heat insulating wall

